Electrical substation
At present the demand for electric power is increasing rapidly and it can be met by power generating substations. There are various types of power generating substations such as thermal, nuclear and hydroelectric. Depending on the availability of different resources, substations are being built in different locations,
but these locations may not be close to load centers. The actual power can be used by the load center. It is therefore essential to transmit power from the substation to the locations of the load center. Thus, high and long transmission networks are required for this function.
At low voltage levels a fair amount of energy is generated; However, it is cheaper to supply electricity at high-voltage levels. Plenty of switching and transformation stations need to be created between
the production space and the customer ends to save high and low voltage levels. These two stations are usually named as electrical substations. This article discusses different types of substations
What is a substation?
A substation is an electrical system with high-voltage power and can be used to control equipment, generators, electrical circuits, etc. Substations are mainly used to convert AC (alternating current) to DC (direct current).
Some types of substations are small in size with an inbuilt transformer as well as related switches. Other types of substations are very large with different types of transformers, equipment, circuit breakers and switches.
Type of substation
The different types of substations mainly include step-up type substations, step-down transformers, distribution, underground distribution, switchyards, customer substations and system stations.
Basic Electrical Full Forms
Step-up type substation
This type of substation gets power supply from the nearest generation facility. It uses a large power transformer to increase the voltage level for transmission to remote locations. In the substation, power transmission can be done using a transmission bus in the transmission line.
This substation can also be a constraint on the incoming electricity received by the generation plant. The energy obtained can be used to supply electricity to run machinery in plants. A substation includes circuit breakers for switch generation as well as necessary and non-service transmission circuits.
Step-down type substation
This type of substation is installed at different points of the electrical network. They can connect different parts of the network and it is the source of the sub-transmission or distribution line. This type of substation can change the transmission voltage to the sub-transmission voltage (69 kV).
Converted voltage lines can provide sources for distribution substations. In some cases, the electricity is used to use an industrial power on the path from the line of the transmission line. Otherwise, the power will provide a distribution substation.
Distribution substation
Large spaces are required to set up substations in urban centers, but usually, they do not have space to install substations. To overcome this problem,
the need for space underground substations is reduced and the surface area can be used for building, shopping malls, etc. The basic idea of underground substations is to occupy the land provided by the best conventional substations.
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